{"id":108,"date":"2014-11-13T17:17:46","date_gmt":"2014-11-13T16:17:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/?page_id=108"},"modified":"2020-08-13T14:27:24","modified_gmt":"2020-08-13T12:27:24","slug":"warto-wiedziec","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/vzdelavani\/stoji-za-to-vedet\/","title":{"rendered":"Stoj\u00ed za to v\u011bd\u011bt"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Stoj\u00ed za to v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>v Dusznikach \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed pap\u00edru za\u010dalo p\u0159ed rokem 1562,<\/li>\n<li>dusznick\u00fd pap\u00edrensk\u00fd ml\u00fdn je dnes jednou z\u00a0nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pam\u00e1tek ve sv\u011btov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku a v\u00a0r. 2011 z\u00edskal status historick\u00e9ho pomn\u00edku,<\/li>\n<li>v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je vyv\u00edjeno \u00fasil\u00ed o zaps\u00e1n\u00ed pap\u00edrny na Seznam sv\u011btov\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO (od \u0159\u00edjna 2019 byl ml\u00fdn zaps\u00e1n na indikativn\u00ed seznam UNESCO),<\/li>\n<li>prvn\u00ed polsk\u00fd pap\u00edrensk\u00fd ml\u00fdn vznikl v\u00a0r. 1491 v\u00a0obci Pr\u0105dnik Czerwony (dnes \u010dtvr\u0165 Krakova),<\/li>\n<li>v\u00a0r. 1798 Francouz Louis Nicolas Robert vynalezl pap\u00edrensk\u00fd stroj; roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed strojn\u00ed v\u00fdroby vedlo k\u00a0nahrazen\u00ed ml\u00fdn\u016f tov\u00e1rnami na pap\u00edr (do dne\u0161n\u00edch dn\u016f se v\u00a0Evrop\u011b zachovalo pouze 30 pap\u00edrensk\u00fdch ml\u00fdn\u016f),<\/li>\n<li>na sv\u011bt\u011b se ro\u010dn\u011b vyrob\u00ed asi 413 mil. tun pap\u00edru, z\u00a0toho 4.8 mil. tun v\u00a0Polsku (pod\u00edl na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b na celosv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00fdrob\u011b dosahuje 1,2 %),<\/li>\n<li>a\u017e 2,9 mil. tun (asi 60 %) pap\u00edru vyroben\u00e9ho v\u00a0Polsku je ur\u010deno na obaly, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 0,7 mil. tun (asi 15 %) pro hygienick\u00e9 a sanit\u00e1rn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely, psac\u00ed a tiska\u0159sk\u00fd pap\u00edr se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed v\u00a0mno\u017estv\u00ed 0,8 mil. tun (asi 17 %),<\/li>\n<li>pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd obyvatel sv\u011bta spot\u0159ebuje asi 54 kg pap\u00edru ro\u010dn\u011b a obyvatel Polska asi 140 kg,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>pap\u00edr se za\u010dal vyr\u00e1b\u011bt v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b asi v\u00a0r. 105 p\u0159. n. l. a za vyn\u00e1lezce pap\u00edru se uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 Caj Lun,<\/li>\n<li>prvn\u00ed v\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch lidstva archy pap\u00edru byly vyrobeny z\u00a0moru\u0161ov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken a hadr\u016f, star\u00fdch ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed a lan,<\/li>\n<li>do 19. stolet\u00ed byla z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pap\u00edrovou hmotou v evropsk\u00fdch pap\u00edrn\u00e1ch vl\u00e1kna z\u00edskan\u00e1 z hadr\u016f,<\/li>\n<li>d\u0159evo bylo poprv\u00e9 pou\u017eito pro v\u00fdrobu pap\u00edru v\u00a0r. 1844,<\/li>\n<li>v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti pap\u00edrensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 st\u00e1le v\u00edce odpadn\u00edho pap\u00edru, zejm\u00e9na pro v\u00fdrobu obalov\u00e9ho a novinov\u00e9ho pap\u00edru,<\/li>\n<li>v\u00a0Evrop\u011b prvn\u00ed pap\u00edrny zalo\u017eili na jihu It\u00e1lie a \u0160pan\u011blska Arabov\u00e9 v 10. a 11. stolet\u00ed,<\/li>\n<li>ve 13. stolet\u00ed se k poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed pap\u00edrensk\u00fdch stroj\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvalo vodn\u00ed kolo; proto se pap\u00edrny naz\u00fdvaly pap\u00edrensk\u00e9 ml\u00fdny,<\/li>\n<li>b\u011bhem p\u011bti stolet\u00ed vzniklo v\u00a0Evrop\u011b n\u011bkolik tis\u00edc pap\u00edrensk\u00fdch ml\u00fdn\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stoj\u00ed za to v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee: \u00a0 v Dusznikach \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed pap\u00edru za\u010dalo p\u0159ed rokem 1562, dusznick\u00fd pap\u00edrensk\u00fd ml\u00fdn je dnes jednou z\u00a0nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pam\u00e1tek ve sv\u011btov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku a v\u00a0r. 2011 z\u00edskal status historick\u00e9ho pomn\u00edku, v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je vyv\u00edjeno \u00fasil\u00ed o zaps\u00e1n\u00ed pap\u00edrny na Seznam sv\u011btov\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO (od \u0159\u00edjna 2019 byl ml\u00fdn zaps\u00e1n na indikativn\u00ed seznam [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":170,"menu_order":970,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-108","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/108","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/108\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15013,"href":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/108\/revisions\/15013"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/170"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/muzeumpapiernictwa.pl\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}